Inflammation of the kidney - especially the filtering units (glomeruli) or tubules - presenting with blood or protein in urine, swelling, and high blood pressure.
Nephritis is the general term for kidney inflammation. Glomerulonephritis affects the filtering units and typically presents with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema; interstitial nephritis affects the tubules, often drug-induced (NSAIDs, PPIs, antibiotics) with a rising creatinine and sometimes fever and rash. The cause determines treatment - immunosuppression for immune-mediated forms, withdrawal of the offending drug for interstitial nephritis. Prompt evaluation matters because many forms of nephritis are reversible if caught early but progress to CKD if untreated.
Inflammation of the kidney's filtering units (glomeruli) - a diverse family of diseases often presenting with blood and protein in urine.
Abnormal presence of protein in the urine, a key marker of kidney damage and the strongest predictor of CKD progression and cardiovascular risk.
Blood in the urine — visible (gross) or microscopic — with causes ranging from infection and stones to glomerulonephritis and malignancy.
A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease, including hypertension, CKD, dialysis, and transplant medicine.
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