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The final stage of chronic kidney disease (Stage 5, eGFR <15) where kidneys can no longer sustain life without dialysis or transplantation.
ESRD, also called established renal failure, occurs when kidney function declines to the point where renal replacement therapy (dialysis or transplant) is necessary for survival. In India, the incidence of ESRD is estimated at 150-200 per million population per year, with diabetes and hypertension as leading causes. Treatment options include hemodialysis (3x/week), peritoneal dialysis (daily at home), and kidney transplantation (best long-term outcomes). Pre-ESRD planning including vascular access creation, transplant evaluation, and patient education significantly improves outcomes.
A progressive condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function over months or years, classified into 5 stages based on eGFR.
A medical procedure that filters waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood using a dialysis machine when the kidneys can no longer perform this function adequately.
A dialysis modality that uses the patient's peritoneal membrane as a natural filter, with dialysate fluid introduced into the abdominal cavity to remove waste and excess fluid.
A surgical procedure in which a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor is transplanted into a patient with end-stage renal disease to restore kidney function.
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This content is a general reference, not medical advice, a diagnosis, or a treatment plan. Do not change your diet, fluids, medicines, or dialysis plan without your nephrologist or renal dietitian. Individual recommendations depend on your labs, medications, conditions, and care plan.