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Narrowing of a dialysis fistula or graft — the leading cause of access failure and thrombosis.
Stenosis usually develops at the venous anastomosis, reducing flow and raising venous pressures. Surveillance detects it early (flow < 600 ml/min, rising venous pressure); preemptive angioplasty prevents thrombosis and preserves access. 'Endovascular first' and surgical options follow the AV Access guidelines.
The surgical connection created to allow blood to flow between the patient's circulatory system and the dialysis machine during hemodialysis sessions.
A surgical connection between an artery and a vein, typically in the forearm, created to provide reliable vascular access for hemodialysis.
A dye study of the dialysis access to detect stenosis — the diagnostic step before access angioplasty.
A medical procedure that filters waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood using a dialysis machine when the kidneys can no longer perform this function adequately.
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This content is a general reference, not medical advice, a diagnosis, or a treatment plan. Do not change your diet, fluids, medicines, or dialysis plan without your nephrologist or renal dietitian. Individual recommendations depend on your labs, medications, conditions, and care plan.