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High potassium in the blood — a common and potentially dangerous complication of CKD, especially with ACEi/ARB therapy — causing heart rhythm disturbances at severe levels.
Hyperkalemia (potassium above ~5.0-5.5 mEq/L) occurs when kidneys can't excrete potassium, often unmasked or worsened by ACEi/ARB, spironolactone, and finerenone. Mild elevations are managed with dietary potassium limits, diuretics, and potassium binders (patiromer, sodium zirconium cyclosilicate) that allow continuing heart-kidney-protective drugs. Severe hyperkalemia (>6.0 with ECG changes) is an emergency treated with IV calcium, insulin-glucose, and dialysis when needed.
A progressive condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function over months or years, classified into 5 stages based on eGFR.
A medication that binds potassium in the gut to lower blood potassium — allowing patients with CKD to stay on protective ACEi/ARB therapy.
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